Services
What does it take to implement a wind farm
A wind project from A to Z constitutes a multitude of disciplines
and assignments, which all need proper co-ordination and co-operation.
As a multidisciplinary consulting company, Rambøll has the
international experience required, and our expertise comprises the
following areas:
Descriptions of the elements in the projects
Energy planning
Trade and transportation
of energy
Project finances
Wind studies
Environmental impact
Assessment of met-ocean
data
Geophysical investigations
Geotechnical investigations
Navigational risk
analyses
Structural design
Electrical design
Decommissioning
Contracting of wind
projects
Construction management
and supervision
Energy planning
We establish and review national and regional energy planning and
incorporate wind energy into the planning schemes. We investigate
the possibilities for combining wind energy with other energy sources
with regard to economy, security of supply and the electrical infrastructure.
Trade and transportation of energy
In the national grid, we make a full economic assessment of the
transportation options and costs of wind energy. We review and analyse
the trade possibilities and value benefits for wind energy with
regard to sale at the national and neighbouring power spot markets
compared to the unit production costs. This leads to a trade price
for the electricity to be produced. We review the opportunities
in bilateral sale to industries that wish to have a 'green image'.
Finally, we analyse the development of the electricity consumption
in general to view wind energy in a larger national and regional
perspective.
Project finances
We perform standard financial cash-flow analysis based on different
ownerships and lending conditions for the wind project. A complete
overview of the economy in a wind project is established by means
of probabilistic models. This is of high importance as wind projects
are a complex nexus of many technical and economic disciplines.
Finally, we provide a financial risk analysis in which we incorporate
all the elements of the wind project and consultancy concerning
project financing.
Wind studies
The wind resource, the wind measurements and macro/micro siting
of the turbines are assessed. The information, which is gathered,
is used in relevant software and the project is established. When
the energy output has been estimated, the turbine layout can be
optimised among other things with regard to requirements from the
local authorities.
Environmental impact
We establish baselines for flora and fauna and estimate the impact
on the environment from the wind project leading to Environmental
Impact Statements (EIS). Visual impact and as well as impact from
noise and flicker are examples of issues that are assessed in the
EIS. The EIS forms part of the basis on which the local authorities
will decide, whether the wind project is to be approved or not.
Assessment of met-ocean data
We assess wave and current data for input to the structural design.
Furthermore, we investigate correlations between waves and wind,
which is an important parameter in connection with the design for
fatigue. The assessment of wave and current data is also to be used
in the numerical modelling of the morphological processes such as
erosion and scour.
Geophysical investigations
We specify and perform geophysical investigations and underwater
video recordings. These investigations provide input to the archaeological
investigations, the environmental impact assessment (EIA) and to
the base of the structural design.
Geotechnical investigations
In order to adapt the geotechnical investigations to the specific
sites, we specify the investigations in laboratories to suit the
individual sites before the investigations are carried out. Furthermore,
we carry out and interpret the geotechnical investigations in order
to provide a base for the structural design of the foundations of
the turbines and the laying of cables.
Navigational risk analyses
For offshore wind farms, we estimate the navigational risk for passing
vessels during the construction and during the operational lifetime
of the wind farm. The risk analysis provides input to the environmental
impact statement, the financial risk analysis and to the base of
the structural design.
Structural design
We perform conceptual or detailed design of all parts of the wind
project including towers, foundations and structures for transformer
platforms. The design amongst others includes in-place analyses,
spectral and time-domain dynamic analyses, fatigue analyses, and
drivability of piles. An analysis of transportation and installation
is also a natural part of the Rambøll competencies.
Electrical design
We provide overall grid analyses in connection with the implementation
of the wind project, electrical design options for the turbines
and the interconnection of turbines, and design of cabling to connection
point/landfall.
Decommissioning
We consider the decommissioning of the wind project as an integral
part of the design, as well as an important element within the life-cycle-analyses.
This element hence needs proper attention, which we offer as part
of our services.
Contracting of wind projects
Based on our experience within construction works and energy projects,
we suggest a contract strategy. Furthermore, we perform the pre-qualification
of tenders and we develop the enquiry documents. Finally, we perform
the tender evaluation and the contracting.
Construction management and supervision
On behalf of the owner we manage the construction and the contract
for the wind project. We perform the commissioning and supervision
of all site works and tests.
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